In feeding therapy, modifying liquid consistencies is a common clinical challenge. When natural options are not sufficient, a reliable homemade thickener recipe becomes an important tool. Below, Lori Overland shares her xanthan gum method. Furthermore, she outlines the natural alternatives she prefers whenever they are clinically appropriate.

Key Takeaways
  • A homemade thickener recipe can be made by mixing 3 teaspoons of xanthan gum with 8 ounces of water. Simply shake well and let it sit to dissolve any clumps.
  • In most cases, natural thickening is preferred over commercial or homemade thickeners whenever possible.
  • Among clinicians, rice cereal is the general consensus for thickening formula, particularly for premature infants.
  • Older children benefit most from thinned baby fruits, nectar, or smoothies as preferred natural alternatives.
  • Always consult with the child's medical team before modifying liquid consistencies.

Reader Question

From the Community

“Hi Lori, I just completed your course Feeding Therapy: A Sensory Motor Approach and I had a question about your thickening recipe. Could you give me additional information on this as I have a child that I think would greatly benefit? Thanks.”

Therapist Answer

Answered by Lori L. Overland, MS, CCC-SLP, C/NDT, CLC, FOM

Clinical Response

Thank you for your email. As requested, you can find the full recipe below. However, given the ongoing discussion on the Feeding and Swallowing listserv, I remain very conservative about using thickeners. Therefore, natural thickening is always my first preference.

Among clinicians, the general consensus is to use rice cereal to thicken formula, especially with preemies. For older children, though, thinned baby fruits, nectar, or smoothies are much better options. Not only do they modify texture, but they also provide nutritional value alongside the desired consistency change. In contrast, commercial thickeners offer none of these added benefits.

That said, when a homemade thickener recipe is needed, the xanthan gum method I use is both straightforward and effective. Consequently, I have included the full recipe and detailed steps below.

Homemade Thickener Recipe

This homemade thickener recipe uses xanthan gum, a food-safe hydrocolloid that thickens liquids without significantly altering taste or nutritional content. Furthermore, it dissolves cleanly and works across a range of liquid types. As a result, when you need a consistent, clinically appropriate thickener, this method is both reliable and easy to prepare.

Xanthan Gum Thickener
Ingredients: 3 tsp xanthan gum + 8 oz water + lidded container
  1. 1Measure 3 teaspoons of xanthan gum and add it to 8 ounces of water in a container with a secure lid.
  2. 2Next, close the lid tightly and shake the container very well for at least 30 seconds.
  3. 3Then let the mixture sit for a few minutes so the xanthan gum can hydrate and begin thickening.
  4. 4After that, shake again to dissolve any remaining clumps before use.
  5. 5Finally, add the prepared thickener to the target liquid gradually, adjusting to reach the desired consistency level.

Natural Thickening Alternatives in Feeding Therapy

Lori recommends natural thickening whenever possible. For clinicians working with children who require modified liquid consistencies, natural alternatives offer nutritional benefits alongside the desired texture change. In most cases, therefore, these options are more appropriate than a homemade thickener recipe or a commercial product.

  • Rice cereal: Especially recommended for premature infants to thicken formula. Additionally, it has the advantage of adding calories while modifying consistency.
  • Thinned baby fruits: In contrast to commercial thickeners, these provide nutritional value while naturally adjusting liquid consistency for older infants and toddlers.
  • Nectar: Specifically, this is a natural option for achieving nectar-thick consistency without additives.
  • Smoothies: Similarly, blending fruits and liquids together is a practical way to achieve the desired thickness for school-age children and older toddlers.

When deciding which approach to use, always consider the child's nutritional needs and medical team recommendations. In addition, factor in the specific texture level required. Consequently, a homemade thickener recipe should be viewed as a clinical tool for situations where natural alternatives are not feasible — not a default first choice.

Recommended Feeding Therapy Course

Lori Overland's foundational feeding course. Covers sensory processing, pre-feeding exercises, and therapeutic feeding with task analyses for spoon, straw, cup, and solids. 1.2 ASHA CEUs | 1.2 AOTA CEUs.
The companion text by Lori Overland and Robyn Merkel-Walsh. Includes updated exercises, feeding hierarchies, and clinical frameworks for working with children who have complex feeding needs.
Start Here
Feeding Therapy: A Sensory-Motor Approach
The course where this homemade thickener recipe originates. Lori Overland's framework covers texture modification, liquid thickening decisions, and the full range of clinical skills needed for feeding therapy with children across age groups.
Learn More →

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I make a homemade thickener recipe using xanthan gum?
To begin, mix 3 teaspoons of xanthan gum with 8 ounces of water in a container with a lid. Next, shake well and let it sit for a few minutes, then shake again to dissolve any remaining clumps. Finally, add the prepared thickener to the target liquid gradually until you reach the desired consistency.
Is a homemade thickener recipe better than a commercial thickener?
Neither is a first choice. Instead, Lori Overland recommends thickening naturally whenever possible, using rice cereal for formula (especially with preemies), thinned baby fruits, nectar, or smoothies. However, a homemade thickener recipe using xanthan gum is a reasonable clinical option when natural alternatives are not appropriate for the child.
When should I use rice cereal as a thickener?
In particular, rice cereal is the general clinical consensus for thickening formula, especially for premature infants. Not only does it modify texture, but it also adds nutritional value alongside the consistency change. Always coordinate with the child's medical team, including a dietitian if available, before implementing any thickening protocol.
Where can I learn more about feeding therapy and thickener use?
For comprehensive guidance, the Feeding Therapy: A Sensory-Motor Approach course covers these practical strategies in depth, along with the companion book. Both resources include guidance on when and how to modify liquid consistencies for children with a range of feeding challenges.